Every Python developer knows some or all of these libraries, because they’re stable, reliable, and excellent at what they do.

Modern Python developers use virtual environments (venvs), to keep their projects and dependencies separate. Managing project dependencies gets more complex as the number of dependencies grows.

Python falls short in a few areas. For instance, Python isn’t the fastest language around, but third-party libraries like NumPy let you work around that. Where Python is most deficient, though, is ...